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Доклад: О вреде курения и алкоголизма



Ia iiaeaae ii iaaaaeaieth.



Ana ii?iee io aacaeaeuey.


Ia?iaeiay iiaiai?ea.









Aoaeoaeueiay Neaa?aoa



I a?aaea eo?aiey neacaii iaiaei. Iaeiaei aaniieienoai o/aiuo e
a?a/ae, aucaaiiia ?ani?ino?aiaieai yoie iaaoaiie i?eau/ee, ?anoao, oae
eae iiea aua cia/eoaeueiia /enei ethaeae ia n/eoaao eo?aiea a?aaeiui
aeey caei?iauey.

Eo?aiea - ia aaciaeaeiia caiyoea, eioi?ia iiaeii a?ineoue aac
oneeee. Yoi ianoiyuay ia?eiiaiey, e oai aieaa iianiay, /oi iiiaea ia
i?eieiatho a na?ueac.

Ieeioei - iaeei ec naiuo iianiuo yaeia ?anoeoaeueiiai
i?ienoiaeaeaiey. Ioeoeu (ai?iauee, aieoae) iiaeaatho, anee e eo eethao
anaai eeoue iiaeianoe noaeeyiioth iaei/eo, nii/aiioth ieeioeiii. E?ieee
iiaeaaao io 1/4 eaiee ieeioeia, niaaea - io 1/2 eaiee. Aeey /aeiaaea
nia?oaeueiay aeica ieeioeia ninoaaeyao io 50 aei 100 ia, eee 2-3 eaiee.















Eiaiii oaeay aeica iinooiaao aaeaaeiaaii a e?iaue iinea
aueo?eaaiey 20-25 neaa?ao (a iaeiie neaa?aoa niaea?aeeony i?eia?ii 6-8
ia ieeioeia, ec eioi?uo 3-4 ia iiiaaeaao a e?iaue).

Eo?eeueuee ia iiaeaaao ii oiio, /oi aeica aaiaeeoueny iinoaiaiii,
ia a iaeei i?eai. E oiio aea, /anoue ieeioeia iaeo?aeecoao
oi?iaeueaeaaeae - ae?oaie yae, niaea?aeaueeny a oaaaea. A oa/aiea 30 eao
oaeie eo?eeueuee aueo?eaaao i?eia?ii 20000 neaa?ao, eee 160 ea oaaaea,
iiaeiuay a n?aaeiai 800 a ieeioeia. Nenoaiaoe/aneia iiaeiuaiea
iaaieueoeo, iania?oaeueiuo aeic ieeioeia aucuaaao i?eau/eo, i?eno?anoea
e eo?aieth.

Ieeioei aeeth/aao a i?ioeannu iaiaia, i?ienoiaeyuea a i?aaiecia
/aeiaaea, e noaiiaeoueny iaiaoiaeeiui.

Iaeiaei anee iaeo?yuee /aeiaae a iaeei i?eai iieo/eo
cia/eoaeueioth aeico ieeioeia, iiaeao ianooieoue nia?oue. Oaeea neo/ae
iaaethaeaeenue a ?aciuo no?aiao. Iaoei e?oiiui o/aiui - oa?iaeieiaii
I.I.E?aoeiaui iienaia nia?oue iieiaeiai /aeiaaea iinea oiai, eae ii
aia?aua a aeecie aueo?ee aieueooth neaa?o.

Ai O?aioeee, a Ieoeoea, a eoiaa eiieo?na Eoi aieueoa aueo?eo aeaia
iiaaaeeoaeae, aueo?ea ii 60 neaa?ao, oia?ee, a inoaeueiua o/anoieee n
oyaeaeui io?aaeaieai iiiaee a aieueieoeo.

A Aiaeee ca?aaeno?e?iaai neo/ae, eiaaea aeeeoaeueii eo?yuee 40 -
eaoiee ioae/eia ii/ueth, ai a?aiy o?oaeiie ?aaiou, aueo?ee 14 neaa? e 40
neaa?ao. Oo?ii aio naeaeaeinue ieioi, e, ianiio?y ia ieacaiioth
iaaeeoeeineoth iiiiuue, ii oia?.

A eeoa?aoo?a iienai neo/ae, eiaaea a eiiiaoo, aaea eaaeae oaaae a
nayceao a ii?ioea, iieiaeeee niaoue aeaai/eo, e iia /a?ac ianeieueei
/ania oia?ea.

AEeaouea a iaeo?aiiuo iiiauaieyo aeaoe /aua e aieueoa no?aaeatho
caaieaaaieyie i?aaiia aeuoaiey. O aeaoae eo?yueo ?iaeeoaeae a oa/aiea
ia?aiai aiaea aeecie oaaee/eaaaony /anoioa a?iioeoia e iiaaiiiee e
iiauoaaony ?ene ?acaeoey na?ueaciuo caaieaaaiee. Oaaa/iue aeui
caaea?aeeaaao nieia/iua oeueo?aoeaeaoiaue eo/e, eioi?ua auaeiu aeey
?anoouaai ?aaaiea, aeeyao ia iaiai aauanoa, oooaeoaao onaiyaiinoue
naoa?a e ?ac?ooaao aeoaiei. N, iaiaoiaeeiue ?aaaieo a ia?eoae ?inoa.
A aic?anoa 5-9 eao o ?aaaiea ia?ooaaony ooieoeey eaaeeo.
Aneaaenoaea yoiai i?ienoiaeeo nieaeaiea niiniaiinoae e oece/aneie
aeayoaeueiinoe , o?aaothuae auiineeainoue e iai?yaeaiey .Ianeaaeiaaa
nauoa 2 oun. Aeaoae , i?iaeeaathueo a 1820 naiueyo, i?ioanni?
N.I.Aaaaeia auyaee , /oi a naiueyo , aaea eo?yo, o aeaoae, iniaaiii a
?aiiai aic?anoa iaaethaeathony /anoua ino?ua iiaaiiiee e ino?ua
?anie?aoi?iua caaieaaaiey . A naiueyo , aaea ia auei eo?yueo , aeaoe
auee i?aeoe/anee caei?iau.

O aeaoae , iaoa?e eioi?uo eo?eee ai a?aiy aa?aiaiiinoe , eiaaony
i?aae?aniieiaeaiiinoue e i?eiaaeeai .Iie cia/eoaeueii /aua caaieaaatho
yieeaineae .Aeaoe ,?iaeeaoeany io eo?yueo iaoa?ae , ionoatho io naieo
naa?noieeia a oinoaaiiii ?acaeoee . Oae , o/aiua AAe? A.Aeaae e
O.Aethiaa?a i?e ianeaaeiaaiee 17 ouny/ oaeeo aeaoae auyaeee ionoaaaiea a
/oaiee , ienueia , a oaeaea a ?inoa.

Caiaoii aic?inei eiee/anoai aeea?ae/aneeo caaieaaaiee . Niaaoneeie
e ca?oaaaeiuie o/aiuie onoaiiaeaiii ,/oi aeea?aece?othuai aeaenoaeai
iaeaaeaao ieeioei e nooea /anoeoeu oaaa/iiai aeuia . Iie niinianoaotho
?acaeoeth iiiaeo aeea?ae/aneeo caaieaaaiee o aeaoae , e /ai iaiueoa
?aaaiie , oai aieueoee a?aae i?e/eiyao aai i?aaiecio oaaa/iue aeui .

Eo?aiea iiae?inoeia, a ia?aoth i/a?aaeue, neacuaaaony ia ia?aiie e
na?aea/iie - ninoaeenoie nenoaiao. A 12-15 eao iie oaea aeaeothony ia
ioaeuoeo i?e oece/aneie iaa?ocea. A ?acoeueoaoa iiiaieaoieo iaaethaeaiee
o?aioeocneee aeieoi? Aeaeaecia aua 100 eao iacaae i?eoae e oaaaeaeaieth,
/oi aeaaea iacia/eoaeueiia eo?aiea aucuaaao o aeaoae iaeie?iaea,
?ano?ienoai ieuaaa?aiey.

Eo?aiea io?eoeaoaeueii aeeyao ia oniaaaaiinoue oeieueieea. *enei
iaoniaaathueo aic?anoaao a oao eeannao, aaea aieueoa eo?yueo.

Eo?aiea oeieueieeia caiaaeeyao eo oece/aneia e ineoe/aneia
?acaeoea. Ninoiyiea caei?iauey, iiaei?aaiiia eo?aieai, ia iicaieyao
aua?aoue ?iae caiyoee ii aeooa, aeiaeoueny oniaoa (iai?eia?, thiioai
noaoue eao/eeaie, einiiiaaoaie, nii?oniaiaie, aeaaooeai - aaea?eiaie,
iaaeoeaie e ae?.).

Eo?aiea e oeieueiee ianiaianoeiu . Oeieueiua aiaeu - yoi aiaeu
?inoa eae oece/aneiai , oae e oinoaaiiiai . I?aaiecio ioaeii iiiai nee ,
/oiau ni?aaeoueny ni anaie iaa?oceaie . Eae ecaanoii , iaauee , i?eau/ee
, onaiaiiua a oeieueiii aic?anoa , naiua i?i/iua .Yoi ioiineoueny ia
oieueei e iieaciui , ii e e a?aaeiui i?eau/eai .*ai ?aiueoa aeaoe ,
iiae?inoee , thiioe , aeaaooee iiciaeiiyony n eo?aieai e ia/ioo eo?eoue
, oai auno?aa i?eaueioo e iaio, e a aeaeueiaeoai ioeacaoueny io eo?aiey
aoaeao i/aiue o?oaeii.



I a?aaea eo?aiuey e aeeiaieecia







Aeeiaieue e eo?aiea.



*aeiaae /anoi nai naaa
ceaeoee a?aa.


Oeeoea?ii.



E a?aaeiui i?eau/eai e?iia eo?aiey, ioiineoueny aua aieaa
iaaoaiay - iio?aaeaiea aeeiaiey. E niaeaeaieth. A aeecie iie i/aiue
/anoi ni/aoathony ae?oa n ae?oaii. Oae, n?aaee iaiuethuaai ianaeaiey
eo?eeueueeia 40% , n?aaee ceioiio?aaeythueo aeeiaieai oaea 98%.

Iueyinoai caaeeaaao caeaiue naao ceiea/anoaaiiui iiaiia?aciaaieyi.
Ia eneeth/aaony iaee/ea a aeeiaieueiuo iaieoeao eaioea?iaaiiuo aauanoa.
ssaeyynue oi?ioei ?anoai?eoaeai, aeeiaieue iiiiaaao eo i?iieeiiaaieth a
i?aaieci. O ceioiio?aaeythueo aeeiaieai, iniaaiii a iieiaeii aic?anoa,
?ene ?acaeoey ?aea iieinoe ?oa a 10 ?ac auoa, a anee iie aua e eo?yo, oi
a 15 ?ac auoa ii n?aaiaieth n iaiuethueie.

Eae oaea aiai?eeinue , aeeiaieue aoaeoaeueii aeaenoaoao ia eeaoee
aieiaiiai iicaa ( a oii /enea e ia eeaoee , ?aaoee?othuea
aeayoaeueiinoue iieiaie nenoaiu) e ia iieiaua oeaio?u , ?aniieiaeaiiua a
nieiiii iicaa .Iaeiia?aiaiii ineaaaaaao aeayoaeueiinoue iiei/iuo aeaeac
, a a aeaeueiaeoai iia iiaeao e i?ae?aoeoueny . O/aiua auyaeee caei?iaua
iieiaua aeaeaca oieueei o iieiaeiu ianeaaeiaaiiuo eie o?iie/anee
aieueiuo aeeiaieeciii. Onoaiiaeaii, /oi o ioae/ei, ceioiio?aaeythueo
aeeiaieai, ioia/aaony ineaaeaiea iioaioeee.

O aeaiuei aeeiaieue ia?ooaao au?aaioeo iieiauo ai?iiiia e
nic?aaaiey yeoeaeeaoee, iaino?oaeueiue oeeee.

Eiino?aiiua oaaa/iua iiiiiieee ?aeeaie?otho neaa?aou n iaiueoei
niaea?aeaieai ieeioeia e niie eae aaca?aaeiua aeey i?aaiecia. Ii yoiio
iiaiaeo Aaia?aeueiue aee?aeoi? Iaoeeiiaeueiiai einoeoooa ?aeiauo
caaieaaaiee aeieoi? A.Aioii (NOA) caiaoee, /oi iaoiene/iie neai?aoie
iiaeao n/eoaoueny oa, eioi?ay ia ai?eo.

Aac a?aaeiiai oaaaea iao!









Neiai Eieoiao.



O?oaeii naaa i?aaenoaaeoue oi aeaaioai?iia eciaiaiea, eioi?ia
i?iecioei au ai anae aeecie ethaeneie, anee au ethaee ia?anoaee
iaeo?iaieaaoue e io?aaeyoue naay aiaeeie, aeiii, oaaaeii e iieoiii


E.I.Oienoie.



Aunaaeeaoenue ia aa?aa, iu ioi?aaeeenue a aeoaue ino?iaa. Ian
ano?aoeei iiiaeanoai ii/oe aieuo ethaeae, i/aiue no?ieiuo e neeueiuo,
eioi?ua oee ec naieo aea?aaaiue n ai?yueie aieiaaoeaie a ?oeao e o?aaie,
aeui eioi?ie iie ieee. Eiua ianee iaeio aieueooth neaa?o e i?e eaaeaeie
inoaiiaea caaeeaaee aa. Caoai eaaeaeue aeaeae ec iaa 3 - 4 oyaeee,
auioneay aeui /a?ac iicae?e.

Oocaioeu oaiuaee iooaoanoaaiieeia oaaaeii, i?e/ai nia/aea eo?eee
naie, iioii ia?aaeaaaee o?oaeo ainoyi. Ioeac io o?oaee ie?a oicyaaa
?anniao?eaaee eae iaae?oaeaethaiua aeaenoaey. Eniaioeu aea ia oioaee
ii?oeoue ioiioaiey n oocaioeaie. Aa?iyoii, yoe eniaioeu e auee ia?auie
aa?iiaeoeaie, i?eno?anoeaoeieny e eo?aieth.

Ia aa?ioaoeony a Eniaieth ii?yeia niio?aee n iiaeic?aieai:
/aeiaae auioneaao eci ?oa e iina aeui, cia/eo, niooaeny n ia/enoie
neeie.

Eo?eeueueee caaacee naiaia oaaaea e noaee aai eoeueoeae?iaaoue.

?ani?ino?aiaiea oaaaea ano?a/aei a no?aiao neeueiia
i?ioeaiaeaenoaea. A Oo?oeee eo?aiea oaaaea ?anniao?eaaeinue eae
ia?ooaiea caeiiia Ei?aia, e aeiiaaouo naaeaee ia eie. Ia?neaeneee oao
Aaaan i?eeacae naea/ue oi?aiaoea, eioi?ue caaac oaaae a aiaiiue eaaa?ue.
?eineee iaia O?aai VII ioeo/ae io oea?eae oao, eoi eo?ee eee ithoae
oaaae, a iaeiaaeaeu ca eo?aiea neaa? iiiaoia aeeauie caio?aaae a noaio.

A ?inneth oaaae, ii-aeaeeiiio, iiiae a eiioea XVI aaea e oiaea
aue ano?a/ai ia i/aiue i?eaaoeeai. Ca eo?aiea iieaaaeinue aanueia
na?ueaciia iaeacaiea - io iaei/iuo oaea?ia e ii?ee eiooii aei io?acaiey
iina e ooae e nnueee a Neae?ue. Oi?aiaoeaa oaaaeii aeaeaea nia?oiay
eaciue.

Ii iinoaiaiii cai?aoe ia eo?aiea ioiaiyeny a iaeiie ca ae?oaie
no?aiao. N aiaeaie e a?aaeiie i?eau/ea i?eiaueeenue ioae/eiu, aeaiueiu,
iieiaeua ethaee, iiae?inoee e aeaaea aeaoe. Aicieeea iiaea ia eo?aiea:
neaa?aou, iie, i?eaeatho aeaaooeai iniaoth yeaaaioiinoue, a thiioai
ioaeanoaaiiinoue. Iaycaoaeueii i?eiaaeeaaeiinoueth oaea - e eeiiaa?iaa
noaea neaa?aoa.

A eae a?a/e? ?acaa iie ia ai?ieenue i?ioea eo?aiey? Aaconeiaii,
aea. Ii ia i/aiue oniaoii. E aio ii/aio. I oii, /oi oaaae a?aaeai aeey
caei?iauey, ciaee aeaaii. Aeaeaee, /oi eo?eeueueeia io/aao iaaenaaeiue
eaoaeue, ciaee, /oi a iaeo?aiiii iiiauaiee o?oaeii aeuoaoue , /oi oaaae
iaoaao oinoaaiiie ?aaioa .Iiuou iieacaee , /oi aeeaioiua aeaioo iiae
aeaenoaeai ieeioeia. Oiaaea e ?iaeeeanue o?aca :Eaiey ieeioeia oaeaaao
eioaaeue.Anee auoue oi/iui, oi eaieae /enoiai ieeioeia iiaeii oaeoue ia
iaeio , a oeaeuo o?e eioaaee. Ii eo?eeueueee oieueei iiniaeaaeenue :
aeaeii , y e?ai/a eioaaee , neieueei ieeioeia iio?aaee , a aeea !
Ooaoaee naay : oaaa/iue aeaaiaeue inoaaony ia oeeueo?a.

A?a/e oaeaea auynieee , /oi ?ino /enea eo?yueo ia?aeeaeueii
oaaee/eaaao eiee/anoai iianiuo aieaciae. Ia/eiay n ia/aea 1960 aiaeia ,
noaee ioaeeeiaaoue a aacaoao e aeo?iaeao ?acoeueoaou iao/iuo
enneaaeiaaiee .E ethaee oaeanioeenue ! Ieacuaaaony : anee /aeiaae eo?eo
a aeaiue io 1 aei 9 neaa?ao , oi nie?auaao naith aeeciue ( a n?aaeiai )
ia 4,6 aiaea ii n?aaiaieth n iaeo?yueie; anee eo?eo io 10 aei 19 neaa?ao
, oi ia 5,5 aiaea ; anee aueo?eiiuo 20 aei 39 neaa?ao - ia 6,2 aiaea.

Onoaiiaeee , /oi ethaee ia/aaoea eo?eoue aei 15 eaoiaai
aic?anoa , oie?atho io ?aea eaaeeo a 5 ?ac /aua , /ai oa eioi?ua ia/aee
eo?eoue iinea 25 eao.

Aeeeoaeueii e iiiai eo?yuea a 13 ?ac /aua caaieaaatho
noaiiea?aeeae , a 12 - eioa?eoii ieiea?aea , a 10 ?ac - ycaie aeaeoaeea
e a 30 ?ac ?aeii eaaeeo .

Iao oaeiai i?aaia , eioi?ue au ia ii?aaeaeny oaaaeii: ii/ee e
ii/aaie iocu?ue , iieiaua aeaeacu e e?iaaiiniua ninoaeu , aieiaiie iica
e ia/aiue.

O/aiua auynieee ,/oi eo?aiea a AeAA ?aca iianiaa aeey ?anoouaai
i?aaiecia , /ai aeey ac?ineiai. Nia?oaeueiay aeica aeey ac?ineiai
/aeiaaea niaea?aeeony a iaeiie ia/ea neaa?ao , anee aa aueo?eoue n?aco ,
a aeey iiae?inoeia iieia/ee.Auee aeaaea ca?aaeno?e?iaaiu neo/ae nia?oe
iiae?inoeia io iiae?yae aueo?eiiuo aeaoo o?ao neaa?ao ec-ca ?aceiai
io?aaeaiey aeeciaiii auaeiuo oeaio?ia, a ?acoeueoaoa eioi?iai ianooiaea
inoaiiaea na?aeoea e i?ae?auaeinue aeuoaiea.

Na?aeoea o eo?yuaai aeaeaao a nooee ia 15 ouny/ nie?auaiee
aieueoa , a ieoaiea i?aaiecia eenei?iaeii e ae?oaeie iaiaoiaeeiuie
aauanoaaie i?ienoiaeeo ooaea , oae eae iiae aeeyieai oaaaea e?iaaiiniua
ninoaeu o iiae?inoea naeeiathony .Aio ii/aio o eo?yueo ?aayo neaaaao
iaiyoue , aio ii/aio n?aaee ieo /aua ano?a/athony ieioi oniaaathuea.

O/aiua auynieee , /oi a oaaaea niaea?aeeony ianna yaeiaeouo
aauanoa . N?aaee ieo iaeaieaa ecaanoai ieeioei: ii naiae yaeiaeoinoe ii
?aaai neieeueiie eeneioa .

Ieenue oaea?iaea (oaa?iue aac) anooiaao a niaaeeiaiea n
aaiiaeiaeiii , eioi?ue yaeyaony ia?aiin/eeii eenei?iaea. I?e eo?aiee
i?ienoiaeeo ?aceia oiaiueoaiea niaea?aeaiey eenei?iaea a e?iae. A yoi
i/aiue oyaeaei ia?aiineo aieiaiie iica iiae?inoea . Aiieae ?acae?aaeaao
neecenooth iaiei/eo ?oa , ai?oaie , o?aoae , a?iioia. Aio ii/aio o
eo?eeueueeia ia ?aaeeinoue ?uoeinoue aeanai , ycai/ee ai ?oo , /anoi
ainiieiyaony caa , /oi i?eaiaeeo e aicieeiiaaieth aiaei . Io
aeeeoaeueiiai eo?aiey i?ienoiaeeo noaeaiea aieiniaie oeaee , iiyaeyaony
ineieinoue aieina .

A iineaaeiee aiaeu o/aiua oaeaeytho i?enoaeueiia aieiaiea
aauanoaai , aucuaathuei ?ae. E iei a ia?aoth i/a?aaeue ,ioiinyony
aaiciie?ai e ?aaeeiaeoeaiue ecioii iieiiee-210 . Anee eo?eeueuee iaaa?ao
a ?io aeui , a caoai auaeioiao aai /a?ac ieaoie , oi ia aaeie oeaie
inoaiaony ei?e/iaaia iyoii. Yoi e anoue oaaa/iue aeaaioue. A iai
iniaaiii iiiai aauanoa aucuaathueo ?ae . Anee ooi e?ieeea ianeieueei ?ac
niacaoue oaaa/iui aeaaoai , oi o aeeaioiiai ia?acoaony ?aeiaay iiooieue.

O?oaeii aeaaea ia?a/eneeoue a?aaeiua aauanoaa, niaea?aeaueany
a oaaaea , eo aaaeue ian/eoaee ii/oe 1200!

A oa/aiea ianeieueeeo eao o/aiua i?iaiaeeee iaaethaeaiea iaae
200 eo?yueie e 200 iaeo?yueie oeieueieeaie. A oaia?ue iiniio?ei, eaeeie
ieacaeenue n?aaieoaeueiua ?acoeueoaou.

eo?yueeia eo?yuee1.ia?aiua1412.iiieaeaiea neooa1313.ieioay
iaiyoue1214.ieioia oece/aneia ninoiyiea1225.ieioia oinoaaiiia ninoiyiea
1816.ia/enoiieioiu1217.ieioea ioiaoee1838.iaaeeaiii niia?aaeatho193



Ieacaeinue oaeaea , /oi ia i?aaieci aeaai/ee oaaae aeaenoaoao
ai?acaei neeueiaa: ayiao eiaea,auno?aa neiiao aiein .

Ca iineaaeiee aeanyoeeaoey o/aiua auynieee , /oi o ethaeae ia
eo?yueo noaee iaia?oaeeaaoueny aieacie, i?enouee eo?eeueueeai.I?e/eia?
Ia eo?yuee ethaee aeeeoaeueiia a?aiy iaoiaeeeenue a iiiauaiee aianoa n
eo?eeueueeaie . I?e eo?aiee a i?aaieci /aeiaaea i?iieeaao 20-25%
yaeiaeouo aauanoa, a 50% aianoa n auaeuoaaiui aeuiii iinooiatho a
aicaeoo.A ei aeuoao ie?oaeathuea.Iieo/aaony, /oi ia eo?yuee eo?yo .
Iiyaeeny aeaaea niaoeeaeueiue oa?iei - ianeaiia eo?aiea.

Aeaaea a NOA,i?e anai caneeee oaaa/iie ?aeeaiu, aeanyoee
ieeeeiiia aia?eeaioeaa a?ineee eo?eoue.Oiaea naiia i?ienoiaeeo e a
Aiaeee , Oaaoeee e Oeieyiaeee . Ii?aaaey oaa?aei ?aoeea noaoue iaeo?yoae
iaoeeae e iiaiio aaeo.

Ai iiiaeo no?aiao i?eiyou caeiiu , cai?auathuee iiae?inoeai
eo?eoue.

A iaoae no?aia iaeuecy eo?eoue ai Aeai?oeao nii?oa , aannaeiao
, nii?ocaeao , o/aaiuo e iaaeeoeeineeo caaaaeaieyo , naiaoi?eyo e
eo?i?oao , e ia o?ainii?oa .

Oae ii/aio aea ana-oaee i?iaeatho neaa?aou a eeineao? Aea
iioiio , /oi e niaeaeaieth, eaoaai?e/aneei cai?aoai ia anaaaea
iiaeeyaoue ia cayaeeiai eo?eeueueea. Anyeiai ?iaea naiiaeaeee, no??iaaou
eoaea a?aaeiaa , /ai oaaae, i?eaioiaeaiiue a oaa?e/iuo oneiaeyo . I?inoi
cai?aoeoue ethaeyi eo?eoue , iaaa?iia , aua ia aiciiaeii, a aio
oaaaeeoue a?ineoue eo?eoue iiaeii.

A?aae oaaaea aeieacai, iiiaea ethaee a?ineee eo?eoue, eaeao
ai?ueaa i?ioea ianneaiiai eo?eaiey? Noi?iiieee aea oaaaea /anoi
nnueathony ia oi, /oi iiiaea auaeathueany ethaee, iai?eia?, Aea?aei,
Iuethoii, A.I.Ai?ueeee, eiiiiceoi? N.A.?aoiaieiia e aeaaea
o/aiue-oa?aiaao N.I.Aioeei - eo?eee. Cia/eo, eo?aiea ia iaoaei ei
aeinoe/ue oniaoia? Oi/o i?eaanoe caeanue iaeioi?ua auneacuaaiey
ecaanoiuo aeayoaeae eoeueoo?u e iaoee. Ienaoaeue A.Aethia - ieaaeoee:
'?y ioeiaeee naith neaa?aoo e iieeyeny, /oi ieeiaaea ia aoaeo eo?eoue.
Yoo eeyoao y oaa?aei naea?aeae e aiieia oaaaeaeai, /oi oaaae a?aaeeo
iicao oae aea ii?aaeaeaiii, eae e aeeiaieue. E.I. Oienoie, a?inea
eo?eoue, neacae oae: 'y noae ae?oaei /aeiaaeii. I?ineaeeaath ii iyoe
/ania e?yaeo ca ?aaioie, anoath niaa?oaiii naaaeei, a i?aaeaea, eiaaea
eo?ee, /oanoaiaae onoaeinoue, aieiaie?oaeaiey, oioiioo, ooiai a aieiaa
?. Aaeeeee a?a/ N.I.Aioeei aue cayaeeui eo?eeueoeeii. Oie?ay, aua
n?aaieoaeueii ia noa?ui (57eao), ii neacae: 'Anee au y ia eo?ee, oi
i?iaeee au 10-15 eao . Neieueei au aua ii naeaeae au aeey iaoee, aeey
nianaiey ethaeae, ii, oau, ia noiaa ecaaaeoueny io naiae iaaoaiie
i?eau/ea, ia niia nianoe e naay.

A aio iiaiea aaee/aeoaai oaoiaoenoa A.Aeaoeia: '?ieeioei
ineaaeythua aeaenoaoao ia iaiyoue, ?ac?ooaao ia?aioth nenoaio e
ineaaeyao neeo aiee - niiniaiinoue, noieue iaiaoiaeeioth aeey oaoiaoiiai
ianoa?a. ss iiao neacaoue, /oi nai iieo/ee oaa?aiiinoue a auea?aoe iao/a
ca ie?iaia ia?aainoai eeoue oiaaea, eiaaea ioo/eeny io no?anoe e oaaaeo
.

Oae aiai?eee i a?aaea eo?aiey aeey oinoaaiiie ?aaiou ac?ineiai
/aeiaaea auaeathueany ethaee. Anee aea aanoe ?a/ue i iiae?inoeao, oi
ioaeii cayaeoue aieaa eaoaai?e/ii: OINOAAIIUE O?OAe E EO?AIEA -
IANIAIANOEIU!

Iiiaie?aoiue /aiieii no?aiu ii eiiueeai E.Aieeaiia ienae:
'n/eoath, /oi iie nii?oeaiua aeinoeaeaiey a iaiaeie noaiaie naycaiu n
iieiui aicaea?aeaieai io eo?aiey. Iie ai?y/ee niaao anai - ioeacaoueny
io yoie a?aaeiie i?eau/ea. I?eneooaoueny e yoiio niaaoo.

I?e ia?aii eo?aiea ia?oeo a ai?ea, o/auaiii aueaony
na?aeoea, ai ?oo iiyaeyaony i?ioeaiue aeon. Ana yoe iai?eyoiua iuouaiey,
naycaiu n ia?aie neaa?aoie, ia neo/aeiu. Yoi caueoiay ?aaeoeey
i?aaiecia, e iaaei ath ainiieueciaaoueny - ioeacaoueny io neaaeothuae
neaa?aou. Iiea ia ianooiee /an, eiaaea naeaeaoue yoi aoaeao ia oae
eaaei.

Iiaeoiae i oii, /oi iu oaaa ?anneacaee. Anee ou n/eoaaoue, /oi
a?aae, iaiineiue eo?aieai oaiaio caei?iaueth iay/eo aaea-oi aeaeaei, a
iiaeao auoue, e aiiaua ieioao oaay,- ou ioeaaaoueny. Iiniio?e
aieiaoaeueii ia eo?yuoth aeaaooeo, ia oeaao aa eeoea, eiaeo, iaeueoeu,
coau, ia?aoe aieiaiea ia aa aiein. Ou iiaeaoue caiaoeoue aiaoiea
i?eciaee oaaa/iie eioieneeaoeee.

Iaeioi?ua n/eoatho, /oi neaa?aoa i?eaeaao aeaaooee
yeaaaioiinoue. Nei?aa, iia i?eaeaao ae aoeueaa?iinoue.

I/aiue aaaeii, /oi au ou nae/an iiiyea, /oi a aoaeouai, eiaaea
ou noaiaoue iaoa?ueth, a?aae, iaiineiue eo?aieai oaiaio caei?iaueth
naaiaeiy, iiaeao iaiii?aaeii io?aceoueny ia ?acaeoee ?aaaiea e au?
caaeieai aei ?iaeaeaiey.

Iiaeoiae, aeaai/ea, iai anai yoii. Aoaeue ?acoiiie e
aicaea?aeenue io neaa?aou.







Anaai iaeia ?thiea.

Aeeiaieeci aeaeaao aieueoa iionoioaiey, /ai o?e enoi?e/aneeo ae/a,
aianoa acyoua: aieiae, /oia, e aieiu.


O.Aeaaenoii



A aeoaieie ae?aaiinoe iiciaeiieeny /aeiaae n iaiau/iui aanaeyuei
aeaenoaeai iaeioi?uo iaieoeia. Naiia iau/iia iieiei, iaae, niee ieiaeia,
iinoiya ia nieioea, iaiyee ia oieueei naie aiaoiee aeae, aeon, ii
i?eia?aoaee niiniaiinoue aicaoaeaeaoue, anaeyoue iuouaiea eaaeinoe,
aaccaaioiinoe, aeaaiiieo/ey. Ia n?aco ethaee caiaoeee, /oi ia
neaaeothuee aeaiue /aeiaae ?aniea/eaaeny aieiaiie aieueth,
?acaeoinoueth, aeo?iui iano?iaieai. ?acoiaaony, iaoe aeaeaeea i?aaeee e
aeiaaaeuaaoueny ia iiaee eaeiai no?aoiiai a?aaa iie i?eia?aee . E
niaeaeaieth, Ia/aeueiua iineaaenoaey oiio?aaeaiey nie?oiiai i?eaeaeaee e
naaa iaiueoa aieiaiey, /ai oeoaeoaiey iano?iaiey, niioonoaothuaa
oiio?aaeaieth aeeiaiey .

A ieoao , eaaaiaeao e neaceao ae?aaiaai ie?a - anthaeo
oeao?e?oao aeii , iiueyiaiea , ?acaoe. Iueyinoai i?ioeaaoaei, a ca iei
neaaeiaaee aai iaeciaiiua niooieee - ?aca?ao, i?anooieaiey, oyaeaeua
aieacie.

Iniiaiui aeaenoaothuei ia/aeii iiueyiaiey ethaiai iaieoea
yaeyeny aeeiaieue - yoeeiaue, eee aeiiue, nie?o.

I?eiyoue aioo?ue ii /a?ac 5 -10 ieioo ananuaaaony a e?iaue e
?aciineoueny ii anaio i?aaiecio. Aeeiaieue - yae aeey ethaie aeeaie
eeaoee. I?iieeioa a i?aaieci aeeiaieue, i/aiue nei?i ?anno?aeaaao ?aaioo
oeaiae e i?aaiia. Auno?i nai?ay, ii ioieiaao o ieo eenei?iae e aiaeo.
Eeaoee nii?ueaathony aeayoaeueiinoue eo cao?oaeiyaony. I?e cia/eoaeueiii
e /anoii iiiaaeaiee aeeiaiey a i?aaieci eeaoee ?aciuo i?aaiia a eiioea
eiioeia , iiaeaatho . iiae aeaenoaeai aeeiaiey ia?ooaaony /ooue ee ia
ana oeceieiae/aneea i?ioeannu a i?aaiecia , a yoi iiaeao i?eaanoe e
oyaeaeui caaieaaaieyi .

Ia?a?iaeaeaaony oeaiue ia/aie , ii/ae, na?aeoea, ninoaeia e ae?.

Auno?aa e aoaeoaeueiaa anaai aeeiaieue aeaenoaoao ia eeaoee
aieiaiiai iicaa , i?e yoii , a ia?aoth i/a?aaeue , no?aaeatho aunoee
ioaeaeu iicaa . auno?i aeinoaaeaiiue iioieii e?iae e aieiaiiio iicao,
aeeiaieue i?iieeaao a ia?aiua eeaoee , i?e yoii ?ac?ooaaony,
a?acoeueoaoa /aai naycue iaaeaeo ?acee/iuie ioaeaeaie iicaa
?ano?aeaaaony.

Aeeiaieue aeeyao oaeaea ia e?iaaiiniua ninoaeu , ianouee e?iaue
e iicao .Nia/aei iie ?anoe?ythony , e ianuoaiiay aeeiaieai e?iaue ao?ii
i?eeeaaao e iicao , aucuaay ?aceia aicaoaeaeaiea ia?aiuo oeaio?ia . Aio
ioeoaea /?acia?ii aanaeia iano?iaiea e ?acayciinoue iueyiathuaai
/aeiaaea.

O/aiua auynieee , /oi iiae aeeyieai nie?oiuo iaieoeia a ei?a
aieueoeo iieooa?ee aieiaiiai iicaa a neaae ca oneeeaathuainy
aicaoaeaeaieai ianooiaao ?aceia ineaaeaiea i?ioeannia oi?iiaeaiey. Ei?a
ia?anoaao eiio?iee?iaaoue ?aaioo iecoeo, oae iacuaaaiuo iiaeei?eiauo
ioaeaeia iicaa. Aio ii/aio iiueyiaaoee /aeiaae eae au oa?yao eiio?ieue
iaae niaie e e?eoe/aneia ioiioaiea e naiaio iiaaaeaieth . oo?a/eaay
naea?aeaiiinoue e ne?iiiinoue , ii aiai?eo e aeaeaao oi , /aai ia neacae
e ia naeaeae au a o?acaii ninoiyiee .Eaaeaeay iiaay ii?oeey nie?oiiai
ana aieueoa ia?aeecoao aunoee ia?aiua oeaio?u , neiaii naycuaay eo e ia
iicaieyy aiaoeaaoueny a oaioe/aneoth aeayoaeueiinoue ?acei
aicaoaeaeaiiuo ioaeaeia iicaa.

Ecaanoiue ?onneee ineoeaoi? N.N.Ei?naeia oae iienuaaao yoi
ninoiyiea:iiueyiaiiue ia aeoiaao i iineaaenoaee naieo neia e aeaenoaee e
ioiineoueny e iei e?aeia eaaeiiuneaiii ?No?anoe e aeo?iua iiaoaeaeaiey
aunooiatho aac anyeiai i?ee?uoey e iiaoaeaeatho e aieaa eee iaiaa aeeeei
iinooieai . A aaaeue a ii?iaeueiii ninoiyiee oio aea /aeiaae iiaeao
auoue e oi?ioi ainieoaiiui e ne?iiiui aeaaea canoai/eaui. Ana a aai
ee/iinoe , /oi naea?aeeaaaony ainieoaieai , iaaueai i?eee/ey , eae
aoaeoi aueacaao ia?oaeo . A ninoiyiee iiueyiaiey /aeiaae iiaeao
auaieoaoue ethaoth oaeio ; ii oa?yao aaeeoaeueiinoue , ia?anoaao auoue
inoi?iaeiui .Ia aea?ii aiai?eoueny :*oi o o?acaiai ia oia , oi o
iueyiiai ia ycuea.

Oi , /oi iu a auoo aeaaiaeooii iacuaaai iiueyiaieai a nouiinoe
anoue ia /oi eiia , eae ino?ia io?aaeaiea aeeiaieai ,ni anaie
auoaeathueie ionthaea iineaaenoaeyie. Oi?ioi, anee /a?ac ii?aaeaeaiiia
a?aiy i?aaieci , inaiaiaeeaoeeny io yaea ,iinoaiaiii aica?auaaony e
ii?iaeueiiio ninoiyieth. A anee iueyinoai i?iaeieaeaaony , e iiaua
ii?oeee aeeiaiey nenoaiaoe/anee iinooiatho a i?aaieci ? *oi oiaaea?

O/aiua auynieee , /oi aeeiaieue , aaaaeaiue a i?aaieci ia n?aco
auaiaeeoueny io ooaea , e eaeia-oi eiee/anoai yoiai aauanoaa
i?iaeieaeaao naia a?aaeiia aeaenoaea ia i?aaiu a oa/aiee 1- 2 aeiae , a
a iaeioi?uo neo/ayo e aieueoa.

Aeeiaieue aucuaaao i?eyoiia, i?eiiaeiyoia iano?iaiea , a yoi
iiaoaeaeaao e iiaoi?iiio oiio?aaeaieth nie?oiiai iaieoea . A ia?aia
a?aiy i?e aeaeaiee e oaa?aeinoe oa?aeoa?a aua iiaeii ioeacaoueny io
aeia. A i?ioeaiii neo/aa iiae aeeyieai aeeiaieueiie eioieneeaoeee (aea e
oaiai?ia ae?ocae) aiey ineaaaaaao , e /aeiaae oaea ia iiaeao
i?ioeainoiyoue aea/aieth e aeeiaieth . iiae aeeyieai aeeiaiey iieo/atho
i?inoi? einoeieou , ineaaeyaony aiey e naiieiio?ieue , e ia?aaeei ethaee
niaa?oatho i?inooiee e ioeaee , a eioi?uo ?aneaeaathony anth aeeciue .

I/aiue iianai aeeiaieue aeey thiuo , iniaaiii aeey aeaaooae ,
iineieueei eo i?aaieci a ia?eoae ?inoa eaa/a iiaeaa?aaaony aicaeaenoaeth
ia?eioeeia . N iacaiaiyoiuo a?aiai iaoe i?aaeee n/eoaee aaeeinoaaiii
i?eaiaeiuie iaieoeaie aeey aeaoae aiaeo e iieiei A ae?aaiae A?aoeee e
?eia thiioai aei ii?aaeaeaiiiai aic?anoa aiiaua cai?auaeinue ieoue aeii.

Aeeiaieue ieacuaaao io?eoeaoaeueiia aeeyiea ia iioiinoai . Ia
yoii ciaee aua a aeoaieie ae?aaiinoe . A A?a/aneie ieoieiaea aiaeiy
THiiia ?iaeeea io iiueyiaaoaai THieoa?a o?iiiai Aueeaia. I?aaeoaeue
Nia?ou Eeeo?a cai?auae a aeaiue naaaeueau oiio?aaeaiea nie?oiuo iaieoeia
iiae oa?icie oyaeaeiai iaeacaiey . Aeiiie?ao oeacuaae . /oi i?e/eiie
eaeeioecia , yiieeainee e ae?oaeo ia?aii ineoe/aneeo caaieaaaiee
yaeyaony iueyinoai ?iaeeoaeae , eioi?ua ieee aeii a aeaiue ca/aoey.

Iuethuee (iniaaiii aeaiueiu) iiae aeeyieai aeeiaiey aeaeathony
?acayciuie , aieoeeauie , ianaea?aeaiiuie , ia aeinoaoi/ii e?eoe/iuie e
naiaio iiaaaeaieth . A iueyiii aeaea aeaiueiu oa?yao nouae, aeaineia
aeinoiainoai , iia neeiiia e eaaeiiuneaiiiio iiaaaeaieth , iieiaie
?aniouaiiinoe. Iineaaenoaea neo/aeiuo iieiauo naycae ianooieaoeo a
?acoeueoaoa iiueyiaiey , auaatho o?aae/iuie.

Aaia?e/aneea caaieaaaiey , ?iaeaeaiea ia iieiioeaiiuo aeaoae - yoi
aaaeue ia oieueei neiaa , ca ieie eneiea/aiiay , aac ?aaeinoiay aeeciue.

.

Aaia?e/aneea caaieaaaiey , ?iaeaeaiea ia iieiioeaiiuo aeaoae - yoi
aaaeue ia oieueei neiaa , ca ieie eneaea/aiiay , aac?aaeinoiay aeeciue.

Anee iueyinoai - ?acoeueoao iai?aaeeueiiai ainieoaiey ,
neaaiaieea , ?aniouaiiinoe , iiae?aaeaiea aeo?iui i?eau/eai , oi
aeeiaieeci - na?ueaciay aieaciue, o?aaothuay niaoeeaeueiiai ea/aiey
.Ioaeiu aieueoea oneeey , /oi au ia?aainieoaoue /aeiaaea,
ceioiio?aaeythuaai aeeiaieai. Ia ?aaeei yoe oneiaey ieacuaathony
iai?aniuie . Iao ie /aai oaeaniaa ioaea - iueyieoeu , canoaaeythuaai
no?aaeaoue aeaio e aeaoae .

Ou oaea ianoieueei ac?ineay , /oi aeieaeia oiaoue auae?aoue
ae?ocae . A oaiai ie?oaeaiee ia aeieaeii auoue ethaeae , ia
i?aaenoaaeythueo naaa oaeiaieuenoaea aac ?thiee . ia aiai?y oaea i oii ,
/oi naia ou aeieaeia ecaaaaoue oiio?aaeaiey nie?oiiai. Iaaei iaeoe a
naaa ioaeanoai i?ioeainoiyoue oai , eoi iuoaaony neeiieoue oaay e
oiio?aaeaieth nie?oiiai . Ana yoe canoieuey n iaycaoaeueiui ieoue aei
aeia , oo?aoiuie aeey iiicaeaaoeo - oaeae iauaaoaeae .E niaeaeaieth
aaeeea neea eia?oeee , aoyaeaathuay a noa?o iaycaoaeueiuo auieaie. Eoi,
eae ia aeaiueia, aeieaeai ai?ioueny n yoei ia oieueei ee/ii , ii e
iauanoaaiiui ceii ! Aie?oa eaaeaeiai ceioiio?aaeythuei aeeiaieai,
aeieaeia auoue nicaeaia aoiinoa?a inoaeaeaiey e iaoa?ieiinoe . Ecaaaae
aa/a?eiie , niae?athueony n oeaeueth auieoue , e ethaeae ,
iai?aaenoaaeythueo naaa aanaeuea aac auieaee .

Enneaaeiaaiey o/aiuo aeieacaee , /oi o thiioae e aeaaooae
aeeiaieeci eae oyaeaeay, o?oaeii ecea/eiay aieaciue aicieeaao e
?acaeaaaony a *AOU?A ?aca auno?aa , /ai o ac?ineuo . ?ac?ooaiea ee/iinoe
oaeaea i?ienoiaeeo ai?acaei auno?aa .

Aeoiath , /oi auaiae oaaa naeaeaoue ia o?oaeii : ieeiaaea e ia
i?e eaeeo ianoiyoaeuenoaao ia i?eaoaeeaae aeia, aeaaea anee yoi
i?aaeeiaeao oaaa aeeceea ethaee - oiaa?eue e ?iaeiua .

Ia eeoia iiaoi?eoue , /oi i?e oiio?aaeaiee aeia o aeaaooae e
thiioae ii?aaeathony ana i?aaiu , ii iniaaiii ?aieiu oeaio?aeueiay
ia?aiay nenoaia , ?acei iaaeaao iaiyoue, ia?ooaaony ineoeea , nieaeaaony
eiio?ieue ca naieie aeaenoaeyie ?

A eieiiiee ianiaa?oaiiieaoieo i?aaiia?ooeoaeae iia aeiaaeinue
aanaaeiaaoue n eieiienoaie . Ieacuaaaony , ia iiiaeo ec ieo oi?ioea
oa?aeoa?enoeee , iie i?eeaaeii o/eeenue , oaeaeaeenue eioa?aniuie
aeaeaie , /eoaee eieae , a i?eaaei eo nthaea, a eieiieth , aeii, anaai
noaeai , eae aiai?yo iie . Aaae i?anooieaiey , niaa?oaiiua a ninoiyiea
iiueyiaiey , iinyo ioyaiuaiiue oa?aeoa? e iniai no?iai iaeacuaaaony.

Iaeioi?ua oeieueieee i?eiauathony e ?thiea noa?oeie ii aic?anoo
?aayoaie , iiae?oaaie: ia oaeiaii , iie , ia iiaeaea?aeaoue eiiiaieth.

Aea , a yoeo ianoiyoaeuenoaao , aaconeiaii , o?aaoaony
ioaeanoai , oaa?aeinoue oa?aeoa?a e cae?aaue oi.












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